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HYDROPONICS: INTEGRATION DIOXIDE CARBON - CO2

The integration of co2 is considered the largest secret weapon to have an abundant harvest of fruits and flowers. Add co2 to your garden and it will bring about substantial benefits. You will have growth rates and final results undoubtedly better and more abundant. To achieve these results, it is not sufficient enough to have only one cylinder of co2 and a related gauge. First of all we need to have a garden that presents certain unique features. First and foremost we analyze, in detail, a chemical level, the results, what processes we carry out and the causes of carbon dioxide, carbon and its composed molecules. It is essential to plan for creating new organic cells. Plants needs light, especially ultraviolet rays, in order to grow. From this, plants draw the necessary energy to carry the process of chlorophyll photosynthesis. This important process that is behind the life of each plant species requires two particular elements:1. A certain amount of light 2. A sufficient amount of co2 providing the necessary carbon atoms of which the plant uses for the formation of new organic matter. Plants have a capacity that human beings and animals don’t have. They are able to transform carbon into an organic substance. Through the process of chlorophyll photosynthesis from carbon dioxide(co2), the plant separates the carbon molecule (C) from the oxygen (O), which is released into the air, while using the molecule organic carbon (C) to carry out certain chemical processes which transforms the various elements into nutrients and produces new organic material. To transform carbon into an organic substance certain types of enzymes have to have a precise capacity. These have a maximum speed reaction that increases in proportion to the concentration of co2 present in the air, so this speed of organic transformation increases in proportion to the volume of co2 present, however, coming to a limit beyond which these enzymes can not go. When these enzymes come to their maximum amount, increasing the amount of co2 won’t get any precise results because the enzymes have already reached the apex of organic transformation possible.The only way then to make sure that the co2 we add, in addition to the already present, to be able to transform is to increase the number of enzymes.We have previously seen that plants, through the light, draw the necessary energy to ensure that the process of photosynthesis is carried out. To get that co2 we add the organic transformation as the enzymes have a maximum reaction speed beyond which they can not go, it is wise to have a good amount of light. So the first essential and crucial order of the co2 we add to be organically transformed is to have a lamp with enough wattage. To make sure they have the right outcome we must have at least a 400W power light.

To properly provide co2 we must have the following items:

CO2 bottle.
Pressure reducer/pressure gauge with end valve.
Software for calculating the daily supply.
Electro-valve for controlling opening and closing of the CO2 plant.
Digital Temperature timer C02 plant.


We have now seen that with the correct integration of co2 will undoubtedly give impressive results, but let us have no influence as these operations are reserved for expert growers!

HYDROPONICS NUTRIENTS: ATAMI - B'CUZZ HOLLAND FERTILIZERS

1. Introduction.

During the first six years of life, Atami grew to become a biotech research office at the highest level. The company provides various substrates (products of soil; coconut fibres and rock wool), liquid nutrients for plants and bio stimulators. These products have met the most stringent quality criteria prepared in accordance with ISO quality standards and RHP regulations. The whole production process is carried out according to GMP (Good Manufacturing Practice). Given the high concentration of nutritional supplements, the products can be used in very small quantities. In response to the requests and needs of nurseries, Atami market presents two lines of nutritional products: B'cuzz products and the ATAMI line. B'cuzz products were developed specifically for nurseries (professional) who wants to reap the maximum yield and maximum performance from their plants and in this regard 'fine tuning' is the fundamental principle. The ATAMI line consists of nutrients for plants that are relatively easy to use and perfectly combine with other products available on the market. Thanks to strict quality criteria defined by our company for raw materials, ingredients and production methods, we have become a leading provider in the industry. Nurseries in 38 countries, spread out over 5 continents have all obtained excellent results with the carefully selected assortment at Atami. The two product lines mentioned above have proved the key to success, and among them is the current success of Atami. Atami literally means 'I am here’ a leading and innovative company.

2. Quality Good Manufacturing Practice.

Atami owes its success to intensive care in terms of quality and advanced research conducted in the laboratory. The rule ‘Good Manufacturing Practice’ Atami follows are the guidelines for modern production techniques applicable to this area. We refer to the standard ‘Good Manufacturing Practice’ (GMP), which ensures the compliance of production and control of our products to international quality standards. When extensive laboratory tests are successful it prevents bad harvests, something that can happen with the product lines nutritional competition on the market. Plants that receive food with the right products grow, flourish and thrive. There are, of course, good reasons for this. For Atami GMP practice starts in the selection and purchase of raw materials and ingredients. Suppliers must meet certain specifications and our companies purchases turn attention to the methods of preparation. Our specific biological nutrients are specially selected on the basis of quality, high value ingredients and purity to 100%.

3. Quality RHP.

RHP means Regeling Handels Potgronden and the mark is granted by the Foundation RHP based in Naaldwijk, the Netherlands. The foundation controls the composition of soil from pot (substrate) and ensures that raw materials and finished products conform to strict quality criteria. In brief:
RHP substrates are good top dressings and therefore provide good growth.
Given its optimal structure, the substrate has a good RHP.
RHP Substrate is not heavy and black, but brown and light.
RHP Substrate is a quality guarantee.
RHP Substrate does not contain heavy metals and is environmentally friendly.
RHP Substrate does not contain pathogens and is safe for people and plants. RHP substrates offer excellent value for money, because although this is a quality product, subject to strict control, is perhaps a bit more expensive, it is still a RHP product. A mark that indicates high quality export, purity and the absence of pathogens harmful to the ground and viruses. An extremely important issue for you and the yield of your plants. So you will be sure to get flourishing and colourful results.

4. ISO 9000.

Atami follows the guidelines of the international standard ISO 9000 on quality systems. In this respect there is a twofold objective: customer satisfaction that is in a process of constant improvement. The customer is a priority for Atami. Innovation and research are the key points of our corporate philosophy. All things considered, Atami not only gives individual products as a complete system of nutrition for growth and yield optimal plants. In addition to products, Atami also devotes much attention to packaging. Our quality products are in fact delivered in closed (sealed) packaging to ensure its durability. 5. Products Atami and awards. The products Atami have already received numerous awards. In 2002, for example, we were the first company to receive the prestigious Dutch and American for cultivation, in addition to the awards from HIGHLIFE, HIGHTIMES and Best Supplement for Plants.

EC - TDS METERS AND MONITOR

The electrical conductivity (EC) of nutrient solution to water is expressed as Siemens per cm (s/cm), millisimens for cm (ms/cm) or Microsimens for cm (µ S/cm). This measure can be made with an EC meter when you add fertilizer to increase the ion with electric charge. EC is the measure of all ions that conduct electricity in the solution. The greater the amount of ions present in the nutrient solution, the more electricity there will be than conduct nutrient solution. (Increase in EC) Monitoring the EC value is crucial because if the solutions conductivity is too high we must reduce the amount of fertilizer used and vice versa. To find out if you are using too much or too little fertilizer, monitor the EC value of the solution in the tank. Starting, for instance, with a concentration of 1.00 EC. The following day if the value is increased (eg 1.4 EC), it means that the plant absorbs less water then solution and it is too concentrated. We must therefore increase the amount of water. If the next day the EC value fell (for example 0.7 EC), the plant has absorbed the nutrients more quickly than water. We must therefore increase the amount of nutrients. This shows that the plant itself tells you what it needs! There is no correct value of CIs to be respected but varies from garden to garden as each plant has different needs.For convenience, EC measures are often converted into TDS by measuring instruments. TDS (total dissolved solids) is expressed in ppm (parts per million). How to convert the value TDS (ppm) in EC (µ S / cm)? Multiply EC (µ S / cm) x 1000 and divide 2 = TDS (ppm)Ex. If your EC value is 1.2 µ S / cm 1.2 x 1000 / 2 = 600ppmHow do you convert the value EC (µ S / cm) in TDS (ppm)? Multiply TDS (ppm) x 2 and divide 1000 Ex. If your value TDS is 700ppm 700 x 2 / 1000 = 1.4 µ S / cm Reading Ec-conductivity ms / cm µ S / cm TDS 1 EC 1ms/cm 1000 µ S / cm 500 PPM

MEASURING THE pH OF INDOOR GROWING NUTRIENT SOLUTION

The pH value provides a measure of acidity and alkalinity of an aqueous solution and it is proportional to the concentration of hydrogen ions. A pH neutral (=7), water is formed by ion OH- and H+ in equal measures. By adding a solution to a neutral or acid is a basic cause of an increase in the concentration of H + ions or OH- respectively. When the value is below pH 7 we are describing about the acidity of the solution, but beyond alkalinity (or pH above 7). Strong acids have pH values ranging from 1 to 3, weak acids between 4 to 6 pH, while weak bases from 8 to 10 pH and finally strong bases from 11 to 13 pH. The easiest and cheapest method for measurement of pH is by one type of colour metric: comparing the colour obtained from the chemical reaction pH liquid test mixed with the fertilized solution to a metric shade, which then gives the corresponding values concentration. In hydroponic crops it is recommended to maintain the value between 5.5 and 6.8. Values outside of this range are preventing the proper absorption of macro factors including (N-P-K etc.).

GROW LIGHT KIT AND KELVIN GRADES FOR INDOOR GROWING

HPS Grow Light Kit bulbs for cultivation (Sodium Vapour) and MH (Metal Halide) light sources are the most commonly used in greenhouses, plant growing, indoor growing and have revealed to be the most appropriate choice for most cases. They are currently commercially available in a variety of sizes and strength, colour of light and spectral composition. Any lighting requirements can be met. Their small size and the fact that they emit a lot of lumens allows them to grow green and compact flowers and plants. The HPS grow light cultivation lamps have high performance levels in terms of conversion of electrical energy into light energy and the intensity of the light does not diminish over time as with the fluorescent. Their average life is 30,000 hours of use. Kelvin Grades provide the measurement of spectral composition of a light source where zero is zero absolute physical (-273 \ ^ C). A solid body begins to emit light when it is heated at about 753 K (500 ^ C) and it emits a dominant red light spectrum. Increasing temperature spectrums assume a dominant bright green, and intense temperatures will have a more dominant blue until the ultraviolet and fusion form a solid body. Kelvin Grades are used in agriculture plant growing to indicate the colour lamps temperatures in greenhouses indoor growing. The sodium vapour grow light (HPS) have a calibration of 2000K while the metal halide lamps (MH) has a temperature of more than 5500K, very similar to the temperature of sunlight.

Hydroponics grow kit system test: Advanced DWC 4

It is a hybrid system that combines two important hydroponic technologies: Hydro (drip) and DWC (roots immersed and suspended). This system provides advantages of both techniques:
Easy installation, use and maintain (comes with illustrated manual).
Reduced time of substantial growth and flowering compared to traditional systems creating excellent yield/cost.
Continuous drip of the solution so the plants determine how much to absorb (Less waste).
Intense oxygenation to the roots with a powerful two way pump oxygenation.
Water is always moving. This avoids the formation of fungi, algae, mould.
Closed-loop system on clay to stabilize the pH.
No wasted substrate as clay is recycled 100%. The kit includes:
- Tank base of 90 litres
- 4 net pot vases (mesh baskets)
- A dive-pump connected to four drippers
- A two way air pump connected to two porous stones
- Hydraulic components

Illustrated instruction manual What do you do with this kit? Leave the cubes of rock wool submerged in CELLMAX ROOTBOOSTER for 24 hours. Once germinated (see the section "To Germinate in Rockwool cubes") proceed as follows:

Fill the reservoir system with 35 litres of water and dilute:- 25 ml CELLMAX HYDRO GROW X- 25 ml CELLMAX HYDRO GROW Y - Stabilizing the value of pH around 5.5 using pH indicator- Stabilizing the EC value (concentration nutrients) to 1.4 mS adding or reducing the amount of fertilizer;

Place the immersion pump into the tank;

Place the two stones in the porous reservoir (linked through the capillary tube to pump air outside the system);

Close the lid and fill the network vases with clay;

Insert rock wool cubes previously germinated into expanded clay;

Connect two pumps to a timer and maintain the temperature (15min turning every 2 hours);

Illuminate the system for a 21 day month of vegetative growth for 18hrs/day using a 400W lamp;

After 21 days vary your light hours from 18 to 12hrs/day and this will start the flowering stage: - 25 ml CELLMAX HYDRO BLOOM X - 25 ml CELLMAX HYDRO BLOOM Y

The beginning of the flowering period may cause a sharp rise in the pH Revise with pH indicator.
The bloom is carried out in 45days with excellent results.

HYDROPONICS SYSTEM TEST: AEROPONICS AEROPONIX

Why switch to Aeroponics? The Aeroponics System is unquestionably the most efficient thanks to the optimization when feeding by administering the fertilizers into the air. Directly spraying onto the roots is the best way to develop faster growing and flowering. It plays an important role in the closed-loop system in the tube and perfectly oxygenates roots. The fertilizer sprayed is a mix of oxygen particles/solution. What are the advantages of an Aeroponics System?
Easy to assemble, use and maintain (comes with an illustrated manual).
Ideal for large, uninterrupted productive cycles and cutting.
Reduced time for growth and flowering. Approx. 10 day growth and 12 day flowering.
Numerous plants in a reduced space.
Atomization of the solution. The roots release all excess.
Perfect oxidation of the solution.
An Aeroponics System has a closed-loop for the solution, keeping it in motion to prevent the formation of algae, mould and fungi. What does an AEROPONICS AEROPONIX System consist of?
The special AEROPONIX tube is made specifically for the development of the roots. The tube has a hexagon shape to make the most of the lower part where the roots grow. The bottom will have an additional grip to ensure the establishment of the roots.
AEROPONIX sprinklers have an opening in every direction at 180 °. The aeroponix sprinklers are made of two parts screwed together and can be easily disassembled and cleaned in the event of closure.
Pot base of 5cm in diameter. Dimensions are purposely designed for rock wool cubes of 2.5cm x 2.5cm.
High pressure immersion pump.
All fittings and hydraulic components for the perfect aeroponics operation. How do you use an AEROPONICS AEROPONIX system ?
Mounting the systems components of the AEROPONIX System are described in the manual included.
It is suggested to separately sow with rock wool cubes (see manual in .PDF) and germinate the plant once you have transferred it into the system PRODUCER.
Follow the growth and light table specifically for PRODUCER.
Illuminate the system for vegetative growth of 10 days, 18hrs a day (see table for growth and light).
After 10 days of growth vary the hours of light from 18 to 12hrs a day and begin the flowering phase (see table of growth and light).
Control the temperature with a digital timer (1min of irrigation every 2hrs) during light periods (1min every 3-4hrs) and during dark periods.
Monitor daily values pH and EC. Recommended pH: 5:8. Recommended EC: between 1.0 and 2.2ms depending on the stage of growth.

FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions

How often must the solution be changed in Aeroponics? It depends on the state of the plant (growth or flowering). In the initial stages can be enough to change the solution every 2 weeks. When flowering, it is recommended to change the solution every 10 days. Each replacement of the solution, measure the value of the EC (concentration nutrients) and fertilizers adding up to the value of the EC between 1.4 and 2.2 mS max. Each replacement of the solution, wash the container/tank with hot water to remove any algae, mould and salt deposits. Every time you fill the tank measure the pH of the solution and ensure that its value is between 5.5 and 6.0 . Revise with the pH indicator. Constantly monitor the pH. The solution should be at room temperature (over 18 °) and never left cold.
The EC MeterA conductive meter (EC meter) is an essential tool used in aeroponic systems. It determines the exact amount of fertilizer the plant needs. Prevents nebulisers becoming blocked as a result of the excessive amount of salt. If filling aerosols, leave them to soak in vinegar overnight.

NEW LONG LOSS 50 V MEGALUX V GROW LIGHT REFLECTORS!

The Long Loss 50 V and Megalux V grow light reflectors are incredibly powerful, efficient and versatile. They can be positioned very close to the plant, increasing the efficiency without limiting the area of action. The basic principle is simple and logical (see figure). The secret lies in a V reflector in the middle changing the direction of the light rays. This technique allows for greater openness and distribution of reflected rays, prevents the concentration of heat around the lamp and does not create hot zone burns on central plants.* Image 1 describes the distribution and intensity of a grow light reflector LONG LOSS 50 V. * Image 2 describes the lighting typical of a normal grow light reflector: the range is greatly reduced, the centre is an obvious hot area and is at risk of burns.

INDOOR GROWING WITH YOUR HYDROPONICS LIGHT KIT IS A SAFE HOBBY!

SAFETY is clearly one of the PRIORITIES for an indoor farmer. Here we have drafted some guidelines for choosing the correct grow light kit. The ignition systems for gas discharge lamps (HPS, HPS AGRO, MH, ETC.) Are defined as "feeders".To view the models click on the following link: BallastThe choice of feeder should be made according to your interests and according to the application and the place where the feeder should be used. It is always a good idea to give PRIORITY to SAFETY. For all domestic applications, namely when the feeder is used to light lamps in the house, the only feeders suitable are those with double insulation.To view a model with double insulation, click on the following link: BallastThe BLACK BOX has no exposed metal parts in contrast to the other systems on the market where the metal parts covered by tension (in the event of a short circuit, damage or presence of liquid in the vicinity of box) could convey a high voltage ignition to people or animals nearby.The BLACK BOX also has thermal protection inside. In the event of overheating the system blocks the function and resumes only when the power supply has reached the proper operating temperature.

Hydroponics grow kits, Aeroponics indoor grow light system

SYSTEM TEST AEROPONICS PRODUCER (a treatment of HYDROPONICS STAFF/ CELLMAX /)

Why switch to Aeroponics?

The Aeroponics Grow Light System is unquestionably the most efficient thanks to the optimization when feeding by administering the hydroponic fertilizers into the air. Directly spraying onto the roots is the best way to develop faster growing and flowering. It plays an important role in the closed-loop grow system in the canal and perfectly oxygenates roots. The fertilizer sprayed is a mix of oxygen particles/solution.

What are the advantages of an Aeroponics Grow Light System?
Easy to assemble, use and maintain (comes with an illustrated manual.
Ideal for large, uninterrupted productive growing cycles and cutting.
Reduced time for growth and flowering. Approx. 10day growth and 12day flowering.
Numerous plants in a reduced space.
Atomization of the solution. The roots release all excess.
Perfect oxidation of the solution.
System has a closed circle for the solution keeping it in motion to prevent the formation of algae, mould and fungi.

What does an Aeroponics Grow System PRODUCER consist of?
Black tank with an ABS lid to limit the formation of mould, algae, parasites, etc..
Special internal O’RING irrigation system complete directional stability atomizer. The atomizers consist of two bodies you can fasten yourself and they can be easily dismantled and cleaned in the case of clogging.
Net Pot base of 5cm in diameter. Dimensions are purposely designed for rock wool cubes of 2.5cm x 2.5cm.
High pressure immersion pump.
All fittings and hydraulic components for the perfect operation.

How do you use an Aeroponic PRODUCER Grow System?
Mounting system components of the Aeroponics Grow System PRODUCER are described by the manual included.
It is suggested to separately sow with Rockwool cubes (see manual in .PDF) and germinate the plant once you have transferred it into the PRODUCER grow system.
Follow the nutrients and light table specifically for PRODUCER.
Illuminate the system with your grow light kit for vegetative growth of 10day, 18hrs a day (see table for nutrients and light).
After 10 days of growth vary the hours of light from 18 to 12hrs a day and begin the flowering phase (see table of nutrients and light).
Control the temperature with a digital timer (1min of irrigation every 2hrs) during light periods (1min every 3-4hrs) and during dark periods.
Monitor daily values pH and EC. Recommended pH: 5:8. Recommended EC: between 1.0 and 2.2ms depending on the stage of growth.

FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions

How often must you change the solution?

It depends on the state of the plant (growth or flowering). In the initial stages can be enough to change the solution every 2 weeks. When flowering, it is recommended to change the solution every 10 days. Each replacement of the solution measure the value of the EC (concentration nutrients) and fertilizers adding up to the value of the EC between 1.4 and 2.2 mS max. Each replacement of the solution, wash the container/tank with hot water to remove any algae, mould and salt deposits. Every time you fill the tank measure the pH of the solution and ensure that its value is between 5.5 and 6.0 revise with the pH indicator. Constantly monitor the pH. The solution should be at room temperature (over 18°) and never left cold.


The EC Meter

A conductive meter (EC meter) is an essential tool used in aeroponic systems. It determines the exact amount of fertilizer the plant needs. Prevents nebulisers becoming blocked as a result of the excessive amount of salt. If filling aerosols, leave them to soak in vinegar overnight.

MACRO ELEMENTS AND MICRO ELEMENTS IN HYDROPONICS

For optimal plant growing in hydroponics need about 16 minerals. Not all minerals have the same importance for the plant. The three major minerals that plants use large quantities of are:

Nitrogen (N) - Phosphorus (P) - Potassium (K).
The amount of NPK are almost always listed on the labels of fertilizers, for example "21-15-21".
These numbers correspond to the percentage of weight of each macro element, better known as N, P and K.
The macro elements that are present in indoor growing plants when combined with each other and with the micro elements determine the state of health of plants.
Generally also Sulphur (S), Calcium (Ca) and Magnesium (Mg) are considered macro elements.

The combinations of nutrients play a crucial role in plant health:

Nitrogen (N): promotes the development of new leaves.
Lack of nitrogen can be seen with clear leaves and faded.

Phosphorus (P): promotes the development of roots and the flowering stage.
The shortage is manifested with dark leaves, red and purple and slow growth.

Potassium (K): important to protect the plant from problems and determining growth in situations of extreme temperatures.
Lack of manifest with dry leaves and yellow from the end.

Sulphur (S): helping to maintain healthy plants.
Responsible for green / black leaves.

Calcium (Ca): promotes the development of roots and new shoots.

Magnesium (Mg): promotes the synthesis chlorophyll, the pigment that gives colour to the leaves and absorbs the green light to turn it into Mg ions.
Lack of Magnesium is manifested by yellow leaves with green veins.

Boron, copper, cobalt, iron, manganese, zinc, etc. There are plants in small quantities and are known as micro-nutrients. The plants absorb the proper amount of micro-nutrients from the soil.
This is why many fertilizers grow equipment on the ground do not contain trace. In hydroponics, when we’re not using soil, fertilizers are rich in specific micro elements.

Article by: HYDROPONICS GROWSHOP INDOOR GARDENS

HYDROPONICS YAROOTS DWC SYSTEM (Deep Water Culture)

DWC SYSTEM (Deep Water Culture)

The YAROOTS HYDROPONIC DWC system (Deep Water Culture) is one of the most easy methods of hydroponic growing as it allows plants to grow and suspend with the roots immersed in the nutrient solution.
The solution is super oxygenised from an air pump combined with porous stones. With this method the plants grow much faster because of the high amount of oxygen that the roots receive.

The YAROOTS HYDROPONIC DWC system requires adequate water + oxygen nourishing solution.
It is advisable to start this type of indoor cultivation with cubes of rock wool. Visit the section ‘GERMINATE IN ROCK WOOL CUBES’. Once the seeds are germinated in cubes of rock wool, put them into the DWC baskets previously filled with clay expander. Fill the hydroponic DWC system with water and fertilizers that are hydroponic specific up to the level of the solution in contact with the base of baskets.

In this way, the clay will be in contact with the solution that will be absorbed by the plants roots. Soon the plant will develop a large root system that will naturally immerse in the nutrient solution. It will not be necessary to maintain the level of nutrient solution to the same level of the base of the baskets, but results will come with a lower level. It is recommended replacing the nutrient solution approximately once a week and wash the container / tank with hot water to remove any algae, mould and salt deposits. Every time you fill the tank, measure the pH of the solution and ensure that its value is between 5.5 and 6.8. Revise with the pH indicator. Constantly monitor the pH. The well-oxygenated and enlightened environment promotes the development of algae. It is therefore necessary to wrap the tank with black film obscuring all light.

It is also recommended the use of Super liquid enzymes for a complete nutritional diet (Hereinafter the table with dosages).

STRENGTHS

Growth Stage:
Dilute 50ml of CELLMAX HYDRO GROW component X 20 litres of water.
Dilute 50ml of CELLMAX HYDRO GROW component Y 20 litres of water.
Fill the tank with 40 litres of solution previously diluted.
Add 20 ml each Super enzyme replacement of water.
Flowering Phase:

Dilute 50ml of CELLMAX HYDRO BLOOM component X 20 litres water.
Dilute 50ml of CELLMAX HYDRO BLOOM component Y 20 litres water.
Fill the tank with 40 litres of solution previously diluted.
Add 20 ml each Super enzyme replacement of water.

How to eliminate the formation of algae in the system?

The best approach is prevention. To prevent algae, obscure the system with some black film to avoid light entering. If algae does occur, use boiling water and hydrogen peroxide (3 ml every 4 Lt) and scrap with a algae brush.

More info hydroponics and aeroponics indoor growing : HYDROPONICS GROWSHOP